Resources for Medical/Health Practitioners

Physicians for Safe Technology
Digital and wireless devices have provided many benefits, however, we are now realizing that the rapid adoption of this novel technology has not been accompanied by adequate regulation, monitoring or safety precautions.

Widespread use of digital media and near constant exposure to wireless devices has caused increasing concern among scientists, health care professionals, psychologists, educators and the public who are now considering this is not only a public health issue but a looming public health crisis. (11,108) It appears that we are at the same point of emerging science similar to early recognition of health impacts associated with tobacco, asbestos, coal dust and lead. (119) These concerns are amplified by industry proposals for a massive expansion of wireless infrastructure and connectivity.
Read More

The Collaborative on Health and the Environment Working Group on Electromagnetic Fields

The Collaborative has a Working Group on Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) of more than 250 health professionals, scientists, and concerned individuals. This group has a listserve for the purpose of sharing new research and policy ideas and discussion and you can sign up to receive updates. Additionally the CHE-EMF Working Group hosts teleconferences featuring leading researchers speaking to topics related to EMF science and health impacts. You can listen to their recorded conferences in electromagnetic radiation. We highly recommend that you join the EMF listserve to stay updated on the science.

Appeal to Halt 5G by Doctors for the Environment
Telecommunications companies worldwide, with the support of governments, are poised within the next two years to roll out the fifth-generation wireless network (5G). This is set to deliver what is acknowledged to be unprecedented societal change on a global scale. We will have “smart” homes, “smart” businesses, “smart” highways, “smart” cities and self-driving cars. Virtually everything we own and buy, from refrigerators and washing machines to milk cartons, hairbrushes and infants’ diapers, will contain antennas and microchips and will be connected wirelessly to the Internet. Every person on Earth will have instant access to super-high-speed, low- latency wireless communications from any point on the planet, even in rainforests, mid-ocean and the Antarctic.

What is not widely acknowledged is that this will also result in unprecedented environmental change on a global scale. The planned density of radio frequency transmitters is impossible to envisage. In addition to millions of new 5G base stations on Earth and 20,000 new satellites in space, 200 billion transmitting objects, according to estimates, will be part of the Internet of Things by 2020, and one trillion objects a few years later. Commercial 5G at lower frequencies and slower speeds was deployed in Qatar, Finland and Estonia in mid-2018. The rollout of 5G at extremely high (millimetre wave) frequencies is planned to begin at the end of 2018.

Despite widespread denial, the evidence that radio frequency (RF) radiation is harmful to life is already overwhelming. The accumulated clinical evidence of sick and injured human beings, experimental evidence of damage to DNA, cells and organ systems in a wide variety of plants and animals, and epidemiological evidence that the major diseases of modern civilization—cancer, heart disease and diabetes—are in large part caused by electromagnetic pollution, forms a literature base of well over 10,000 peer-reviewed studies.
Read More

Doctors for the Environment
The main purpose of ISDE is to help defend our environment both locally and globally to prevent numerous illnesses, ensure the necessary conditions for health, and improve the quality of life. In order to safeguard the health of our own generation and of future ones, we must care for the environment.
ISDE was established as a tool for educating and updating physicians and the general public, and stimulating awareness and initiatives by public and private bodies, in particular governmental agencies.
The Association intends to reach out to all, as fellow citizens of the world.
Learn more

 

Dr Mercola on 5G

Dr. Joseph Mercola’s latest book — ‘EMF*D’ — introduces the reader to the concept that electronic and wireless technology emits frequencies in the form of dirty electricity and microwave radiation that can harm your health.

This book comes at an interesting time when governments around the world are racing to roll out 5G wireless technology, without any testing of the biological and health effects of long-term exposure … It is no longer enough for us to eat organic, drink purified water, inhale fresh air, exercise, and get plenty of sleep to stay healthy. We must also minimize our exposure to the harmful effects of electromagnetic pollution. Learn how to reduce your exposure and how to repair EMF-related damage by reading Dr. Mercola’s book, ‘EMF*D’. You won’t be disappointed!”
∼ Dr. Magda Havas, Ph.D., physicist at Trent University, Peterborough, Can

Taken from EHTrust website:

Physicians’ Health Initiative for Radiation and Environment

Founded by Dr. Erica Mallery-Blythe, Physicians’ Health Initiative for Radiation and Environment (PHIRE) is an independent association of medical doctors and associated specialists assembled for the purposes of improving education regarding health effects of non-ionising radiation. We collate research produced globally on this issue, share and critique it and also conduct our own research.

We use the resulting knowledge to help educate ourselves and others, improve best practice guidance, and facilitate protection and support of vulnerable groups.

The Oceania Radiofrequency Science Advisory Association
The Oceania Radiofrequency Science Advisory Association (ORSAA) Database is a searchable database on peer-reviewed scientific studies and articles on bioeffect research of electromagnetic fields. The database is designed to enable detailed independent searches invaluable to researchers and scientists. It requires some training on how to use it most effectively.

Electromagnetic Radiation Safety
Dr.  Joel Moskowitz Director and Principal Investigator, Center for Family and Community Health at the University of California Berkeley School of Public Health maintains the excellent blog on current news and research on electromagnetic fields.

Lennart Hardell’s Blog
Dr.  Hardell is the internationally respected scientist on cell phone radiation and cancer.  He worked on Agent Orange in the 80s calling it out to be a cancer risk.  He and Michael Carlberg have worked on the issue of wireless exposure and cancer risk for the last decade extensively publishing in the field.

Dariusz Leszczynski’s scientific blog: Between a Rock and A Hard Place
Dariusz Leszczynski PhD was an invited expert to the WHO IARC’s EMF working group in 2011. His research group studied regulation of cellular stress response and used high-throughput screening methods of transcriptomics and proteomics to identify genes and proteins affected by mobile phone radiation. His blog contains links to his lectures and powerpoint presentations.

Bioinitiative 2012
An extensive report authored by international scientists published in the field of EMF’s calling for the reform of outdated safety standards due to the mounting evidence of health effects from electromagnetic fields (1479 pages of scientific evidence). Note:

  • Research Abstracts: These are invaluable sets of abstracts (data-based to be searchable) covering the RFR scientific literature, as well as collections of scientific abstracts on free radical damage (from both RFR and ELF) and a set specific to electrosensitivity.  They cover the research published between 1990-2014.
  • Color Charts at Exposure Levels: These invaluable charts detail the published science showing biological effects at different exposure levels. We highly recommend that you take the time to review them.

Microwave News
Microwave News is the go-to news source since January 1981 reporting on non-ionizing Radiation that covers the entire non-ionizing electromagnetic spectrum, with emphasis on mobile phones and power lines, as well as radar and broadcast towers. In addition, they cover medical applications of different types of fields and radiation, as well as the ability of various species to navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. Their EMF-EMR Web Directory lists hundreds of Web sites. Highly recommended for researchers and scientists.

Powerwatch
For over 20 years Powerwatch has researched and presented the science to the public. This informative website maintains a library of research articles and regularly reviews new research studies on electromagnetic fields.

BabySafe Project
More than one hundred physicians, scientists and public health professionals from around the world have joined together to express their concern about the risk that wireless radiation poses to pregnancy and to urge pregnant women to limit their exposures.  Watch the press confeerence, read their joint statement, watch their video and download health resources for pregnant women.

Grassroots Environmental
An excellent resource on wireless radiation, fracking, artificial turf and chemical exposures.  “The mission of Grassroots Environmental Education is to inform the public about the health risks of common environmental exposures and to empower individuals to act as catalysts for change in their own communities. We strive to accomplish this using science-driven arguments for clean air, clean water and a safe food supply, and for stricter regulation of chemical toxins. We believe that positive and lasting change is best accomplished through grassroots initiatives.”

Environment and Human Health
EHH is made up of doctors, public health professionals and policy experts committed to the reduction of environmental health risks to individuals. They prepared the Cell Phone Report that summarizes the science on cell phones. You can download the report off the website link at their site and read their other reports on environmental health issues.

EMF Portal
This extensive literature database from Aachen University summarizes systematically scientific research data on the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) and has an inventory of 22,305 publications and 5,456 summaries of individual scientific studies. The EMF-Portal is a project of the femu working group of the Institute and Out-patient Clinic of Occupational Medicine of the University Hospital RWTH Aachen. All information is made available in both English and German.

ElectromagneticHealth.org
A research, education and advocacy organization working nationally and internationally to present the risks of electromagnetic fields from wireless technologies clearly and to empower citizens, governments, health professionals and media to become constructively engaged in creating safer lifestyles, communities and natural environments.

Manhattan Neighbors for Safer Telecommunications
“Our mission is to bring awareness to the harmful physical and mental health effects of cell phones, Wi-Fi, wireless computer equipment, portable phones, excessive screen time, too early technology use, wireless utility equipment and neighborhood cell towers and antennas.”

Facebook

Please check out these two Facebook groups focused on wireless health issues: Campaign for Radiation Free SchoolsCampaign for Safer Phones
Also our South African page: Safe Technology4SA

Website of Magda Havas
Magda Havas is Associate Professor of Environmental & Resource Studies at Trent University where she teaches and does research on the biological effects of environmental contaminants. Her website provides a wealth of information on electromagnetic fields.

Canadians 4 Safe Technology
Canadians for Safe Technology is headed up by the former Canadian Microsoft President Frank Clegg. Canadians 4 Safe Technology is a not-for-profit, volunteer-based coalition of parents, citizens and experts whose mission is to educate and inform Canadians and their policy makers about the dangers of the exposures to unsafe levels of radiation from technology and to work with all levels of government to create healthier communities for children and families from coast to coast.

Citizens for Safe Technology
Citizens for Safe Technology Society is a not-for-profit educational society made up of Canadian and U.S. parents, grandparents, teachers, business professionals, physicians, scientists, politicians and lawyers.

California Brain Tumor Association
The California Brain Tumor Association educates individuals and communities about environmental health risks related to brain tumors and develops and promotes constructive policy changes that rely on our research and input from relevant experts.

Radiation Research Trust
The EM Radiation Research Trust is an independent body. The aim of the organisation is to provide the facts about electro-magnetic radiation and our health to the public and the media.

Antenna Search
Ever wonder how many cell towers are nearby? Just type in any US address and get the towers and antennas within a 4 mile radius.

Open Signal
This website looks up the strength of the wireless signal for any address in the US.

The International EMF Alliance
IEMFA is the International Electromagnetic Fields Alliance, supported by an independent and growing global body of empirically-based scientific experts on living processes, with a multilevel, multidisciplinary health focus.

EMFacts Consultancy
EMFacts Consultancy, founded in 1994 by Don Maisch, has produced a wide range of reports and papers dealing with various health issues related to human exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation. This website was established in 1997 as an independent source of information on the possible health and safety issues arising from human exposure to Electromagnetic Energy (EME).

EMR Australia
EMR Australia is dedicated to creating EMR-safe living and working environments. We offer a unique blend of technical expertise, knowledge about the effects of electromagnetic radiation and concern for people’s welfare.

Manhattan Neighbors for Safer Telecommunications wants New York City to be a global leader on wireless safety. Our mission is to bring awareness to the harmful physical and mental health effects of cell phones, Wi-Fi, wireless computer equipment, portable phones, excessive screen time, too early technology use, wireless utility equipment and neighborhood cell towers and antennas.

EMFscientist.org
The International EMF Scientist Appeal serves as a credible and influential voice from EMF (electromagnetic field) scientists who are urgently calling upon the United Nations and its sub-organizations, the WHO and UNEP, and all U.N. Member States, for greater health protection on EMF exposure.

5G EMF Dangers Arthur Firstenberg

South African resources

Safe Technology4SA website

EMF SA

 

Electromagnetic Radiation Due to Cellular, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Technologies: How Safe Are We? 🧬🧬🧬 IEEE ACCESS -Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. SPECIAL SECTION ON ANTENNA AND PROPAGATION FOR 5G AND BEYOND

Electromagnetic Radiation Due to Cellular, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Technologies: How Safe Are We?
IEEE ACCESS -Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

SPECIAL SECTION ON ANTENNA AND PROPAGATION FOR 5G AND BEYOND

Several standards prescribed by medical bodies such as the Building Biology, BioInitiative, and Austrian Medical Association Standards. These limits have been arrived at after extensive scientific research of thermal, non-thermal, chronic exposure, and biological effects carried out by health experts from across the world.

On comparing these limits with those prescribed by the ICNIRP, it can be seen that the limits prescribed by the medical bodies are several orders of magnitude lower than those prescribed by the ICNIRP. Therefore, a clear
understanding of the differences between these limits, and an
assessment of the current exposure levels in accordance with both kinds of exposure limits mentioned above is the need of the hour.

In the literature, many research studies have analyzed health hazards due to EMR exposure [5].

Numerous adverse health conditions such as cancer, infertility, damage to
the auditory system, alteration of blood cells and blood flow, mental, cognitive and sleep disorders, and impaired childhood development have been identified in various studies. We have explored the literature in this area and presented a section describing various health risks associated with EMR exposure.The major contributions of this paper are highlighted
below.

• We analyse radiation levels of commonly used cellular,
Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi devices to estimate how safe they
are to human beings in terms of radiation.

• The procedure followed in this work serves as a tutorial
for the general public who can arrive at a good estimate of their radiation exposure with minimal technical
knowledge or expertise.

• We review several works which have identified various health hazards resulting from EMR exposure and presents the findings to highlight dangers of excessive EMR exposure.

• Then, we suggest techniques for people as well as societies/organizations to protect themselves from excessive EMR exposure and also presents ways to minimize ambient EMR levels in different environments like schools, hospitals, and homes.

The rest of this paper is organized as follows.

In Section II, we discuss the nature of EMR used in wireless communication devices and the need to analyze EMR from various common sources such as mobile phones, laptops and other cellular, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and IoT devices…

PRELIMINARY BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION
A. IONIZING AND NON IONIZING RADIATION…

Download the full report here:  https://childrenshealthdefense.org/…/04-07-20-IEEE-Wireless…

The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Qammer Hussain Abbasi.

Study/Critique of ICNIRP Guidelines

Appeals that matter or not on a moratorium on the deployment of the fifth generation, 5G, for microwave radiation

US National Library of Medicine
National Institutes of Health

. 2020 Mar; 12(3): 247–257.
Published online 2020 Jan 22. doi: 10.3892/mco.2020.1984

Astract

Radiofrequency (RF) radiation in the frequency range of 30 kHz-300 GHz is classified as a ‘possible’ human carcinogen, Group 2B, by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) since 2011. The evidence has since then been strengthened by further research; thus, RF radiation may now be classified as a human carcinogen, Group 1. In spite of this, microwave radiations are expanding with increasing personal and ambient exposure. One contributing factor is that the majority of countries rely on guidelines formulated by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), a private German non-governmental organization. ICNIRP relies on the evaluation only of thermal (heating) effects from RF radiation, thereby excluding a large body of published science demonstrating the detrimental effects caused by non-thermal radiation. The fifth generation, 5G, for microwave radiation is about to be implemented worldwide in spite of no comprehensive investigations of the potential risks to human health and the environment. In an appeal sent to the EU in September, 2017 currently >260 scientists and medical doctors requested for a moratorium on the deployment of 5G until the health risks associated with this new technology have been fully investigated by industry-independent scientists. The appeal and four rebuttals to the EU over a period of >2 years, have not achieved any positive response from the EU to date. Unfortunately, decision makers seem to be uninformed or even misinformed about the risks. EU officials rely on the opinions of individuals within the ICNIRP and the Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR), most of whom have ties to the industry. They seem to dominate evaluating bodies and refute risks. It is important that these circumstances are described. In this article, the warnings on the health risks associated with RF presented in the 5G appeal and the letters to the EU Health Commissioner since September, 2017 and the authors’ rebuttals are summarized. The responses from the EU seem to have thus far prioritized industry profits to the detriment of human health and the environment.

Keywords: appeals, microwave radiation, radiofrequency radiation, radiofrequency electromagnetic field, EMF, 5G, EU, WHO, moratorium, health risks, non-ionizing radiation guidelines

Introduction

Over the years, numerous international appeals on radiofrequency (RF) radiation and health and the environment have been published (e.g., www.emfscientist.org). These seem to have had little or no impact on those proposing limits on RF radiation and on the deployment of this technology. On the contrary, ambient RF radiation exposure has increased and is a potential health risk based on the current knowledge of the biological effects of RF radiation (). There seems to be an ‘unholy’ alliance between the telecom industry and certain scientists, organizations (even WHO), and some politicians, thus reducing the potential for precautionary actions (,).

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of WHO in 2011 classified RF radiation in the frequency range of 30 kHz-300 GHz as a ‘possible’ human carcinogen, Group 2B (,). Since then, the evidence of the adverse effects of RF radiation has strengthened based on human epidemiological (,,) and animal studies (). These results add scientific evidence to a previous evaluation (). Thus, RF radiation may now be classified as a human carcinogen, Group 1. That is the strongest classification, which is the same as that for e.g., asbestos and smoking.

The IARC cancer classification seems to have had little or no impact on protecting the public against risks associated with RF exposure. A major hampering factor has been the exposure guidelines by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) based only on the acute and very short-term thermal (heating) effects of RF radiation. These guidelines are used by the majority of countries worldwide. These guidelines were initially published approximately 20 years ago () and were updated in 2009(); however, no changes were made to adapt to the rapidly increasing evidence of the harmful effects of RF and new RF signal characteristics and exposure from new technologies. ICNIRP, with the support of the WHO () and the major telecom companies, has made considerable efforts to convince countries worldwide to follow their guidelines. However, with the deployment of the 5th generation of microwave radiation, 5G, even the obsolete ICNIRP guidelines may be exceeded and may become an obstacle for the deployment of 5G (). Thus, ICNIRP is preparing new guidelines that are briefly commented on below. However, as already published (,), the ICNIRP guidelines may be contradictory to a vast number of existing scientific reports demonstrating the harmful effects of RF radiation (). Furthermore, there may perhaps also be conflicts of interests in terms of ties to the industry.

ICNIRP

On July 11, 2018, the ICNIRP released a draft of the guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (100 kHz-300 GHz). It was open for public consultations until October 9, 2018. Appendix B was based on the assessment of the health risks based on a literature survey (https://www.icnirp.org/en/activities/public-consultation/index.html).

Of note, in the background material to the new ICNIRP guidelines, the IARC classification from 2011 of RF exposure as class 2B, ‘possibly’ carcinogenic to humans (,) was not included. Notably, one of the ICNIRP commission members, Martin Röösli (https://www.icnirp.org/en/about-icnirp/commission/index.html), was also one of the IARC experts evaluating the scientific RF carcinogenicity in May, 2011 (https://monographs.iarc.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/mono102-F05.pdf), which classified RF exposure as a class 2B ‘possible’ carcinogen. Thus, he should be aware of the IARC classification. Of note, one of the authors of this article (L.H.) was a member of the IARC expert group.

Below, eight excerpts/quotes from the 2018 ICNIRP draft guidelines are presented (https://www.icnirp.org/cms/upload/consultation_upload/ICNIRP_RF_Guidelines_PCD_2018_07_11.pdf). These assertions in the ICNIRP evaluation do not seem to represent the valid evaluation of the published literature on the health risks associated with RF:

i) Brain physiology and function

‘In summary, there is no evidence of effects of radiofrequency EMF [electromagnetic field] on physiological processes or eye pathology that impair health in humans. Some evidence of superficial eye damage has been shown in rabbits at exposures of at least 1.4 kW m-2, although the relevance of this to humans has not been demonstrated’.

ii) Auditory, vestibular, and ocular function

‘In summary, no effects on auditory, vestibular, or ocular function relevant to human health have been substantiated’.

iii) Neuroendocrine system

‘In summary, the lowest level at which an effect of radiofrequency EMF on the neuroendocrine system has been observed is 4 W kg-1 (in rodents and primates), but there is no evidence that this translates to humans or is relevant to human health. No other effects have been substantiated’.

iv) Neurodegenerative diseases

‘In summary, no adverse effects on neurodegenerative diseases have been substantiated’.

v) Cardiovascular system, autonomic nervous system and thermoregulation

‘In summary, no effects on the cardiovascular system, autonomic nervous system, or thermoregulation that compromise health have been substantiated for exposures with whole body average SARs below approximately 1 W kg-1, and there is some evidence that 4 W kg-1 is not sufficient to alter body core temperature in hamsters. However, there is strong evidence that whole body exposures in rats that are sufficient to increase body core temperature by several degrees centigrade can cause serious adverse health effects in rats’.

vi) Immune system and hematology

‘The few human studies have not indicated any evidence that radiofrequency EMF affects health in humans via the immune system or haematology’.

vii) Fertility, reproduction and childhood development

‘In summary, no adverse effects of radiofrequency EMF exposure on fertility, reproduction or development relevant to human health have been substantiated’.

viii) Cancer

‘In summary, no effects of radiofrequency EMF on cancer have been substantiated’.

Since the ICNIRP 2018 draft guidelines excluded a large number of science-based evidence of health hazards from RF radiation, numerous rebuttals have been sent to the ICNIRP. However, it remains unknown as to whether these rebuttals have been taken into account or not.

Thus, the ICNIRP does not acknowledge the health effects caused by RF radiation. This has been rebutted by several scientists ().

Details and proofs of scientific misinterpretation were outlined in a comprehensive response by Dr Martin Pall (). He demonstrated that the denials of scientific facts concerning health risks seem to be the rule in the Health Risk Assessments of the ICNIRP 2018 Draft Guidelines. ICNIRP confirmed that Pall’s response was received on October 8, 2018 (tinyurl.se/pall). As outlined above in all eight summarizing statements, the ICNIRP denies that any scientific reports exist which demonstrate harmful effects below the ICNIRP guidelines. However, as Dr Pall demonstrated, a large number of peer-reviewed studies have been published over a period of >20 years contradicting the ICNIRP evaluations. Independent peer-reviewed scientific articles (,,) have demonstrated the harmful effects even far below the current public safety limits based on ICNIRP 1998 reference levels 10 W/m2for 2-300 GHz and 2-10 W/m2 for 400 to 2,000 MHz ().

The ICNIRP also seems to have disregarded previously published animal studies () on carcinogenesis. The NTP results have been discussed in a commentary () and clarified to that degree that they should have been considered in full. These findings supported human epidemiology results on cancer risks from RF radiation (,). The final new ICNIRP guidelines have yet to be published.

In fact, a hint of the ICNIRP final document may be found in a presentation by the ICNIRP chairman Eric van Rongen at a meeting held on April 17, 2019 https://www.anfr.fr/fileadmin/mediatheque/documents/expace/workshop-5G/20190417-Workshop-ANFR-ICNIRP-presentation.pdf.

van Rongen stated that there is no evidence that RF EMF causes diseases, such as cancer and that the US NTP () and Ramazzini Institute () studies are not convincing for carcinogenesis. ICNIRP seems still to hold the view, which is clearly beneficial to the industry, that only thermal effects exist for RF radiation and not any non-thermal effects, which have been proven in research by the majority of scientists in this field.

ICNIRP recently published a note on the NTP and Ramazzini Institute animal studies (). Some of their incorrect statements are commented on below. The ICNIRP claims that there is no verified mechanism for RF radiation carcinogenesis, in spite of well-designed studies showing the contrary, e.g., oxidative stress (,) and DNA damage (,). The ICNIRP claims that the histopathological evaluation was not blinded in these studies; however, this is not true, as supported by the methods described in these studies. Furthermore, the ICNIRP claims that the body core temperature was increased in the NTP study () and suggested it to be a factor increasing cancer risk, although heat is not a known carcinogen. The ICNIRP also claims that only the Hardell group found an increased risk for acoustic neuroma although the Interphone study had similar findings (). ICNIRP does not seem to take into account the concordance between the tumor types found in human epidemiological and animal studies. These are just a few examples.

It is noteworthy that ICNIRP repeats certain debatable statements in spite of being rebutted by Melnick () and should have been known to the 13 ICNIRP Commission members (https://www.icnirp.org/en/about-icnirp/commission/index.html) with their names listed at the end of the article (). Perhaps this ICNIRP article lacks scientific authorization. As previously suggested, they seem to create doubt (,). Thus, one must be cautious when also interpreting other publications by the 13 Commission members.

The ICNIRP points out an important scientific problem: How incorrect data can achieve lives of their own and gain respectability and credence with inappropriate repetition. Corrections and clarifications (), seem to have difficult time to counteract any possible errors, which is to the disadvantage of both good science and public health. Of note, President Franklin D. Roosevelt stated that ‘Repetition does not transform a lie into a truth’ (https://www.azquotes.com/quote/377323).

Finland, in a new regulation, 1045/2018, dated December 15, 2018, allowed higher average radiation, 200 W, in narrow areas of 1×1 cm (1 cm2) (please see Table 1.5, Note 3 (in Swedish): (https://www.finlex.fi/data/sdliite/liite/6943.pdf). This was probably decided in order to accommodate the steerable, beam-formed, narrow 5G fields, which will be used by most 5G equipment. The Director of the Radiation Safety Agency in Finland claims that this is no problem, as if you disperse the effect of 200 W (on 1 cm2) upon a whole square meter it will still be within the ICNIRP guideline of 10 W/m2 (private communication from Petteri Tiippana, 2018, please see https://www.dropbox.com/s/89cm7bmb410em8w/200W%3Am2-STUK.pdf?dl=0).

On top of the other flaws which ICNIRP members are presenting, they also suggest that only the ‘mean values’ of RF radiation should be measured. However, the interferences and the supra-additive effects between pulses from different RF radiation sources can lead to ‘hundreds of thousands higher density’ short-time pulses than the power density mean values with the guideline of 10 W/m2. This has been well-documented in a report from the Finnish Radiation Safety Agency (). Panagopoulos () has clearly demonstrated that using mean values for RF radiation may underestimate the risk. Intensity, frequency, exposure duration, polarization, pulsing and modulation are crucial parameters for the bioactivity. Puranen () states that the instant effect density can be much stronger than the mean values. However, the guidelines only consider the mean values.

Appeals to the EU and responses from the EU

The impact of the many international appeals on RF radiation safety, if any, is unclear. However, they will be historical documents on warnings that have been thus far ignored by the EU and the WHO. This is exemplified below.

The deployment of 5G for microwave radiation has given increasing awareness and concern among individuals regarding the risks to human health and the environment resulting in massive protests and even a moratorium in certain EU countries and US cities (https://tinyurl.se/5gstoppers). 5G uses a different technology compared with previous generations, such as 2G, 3G and 4G. In the following, our 5G appeal to EU is discussed (www.5Gappeal.eu). This has currently been signed by >260 scientists and medical doctors from a number of countries. It is still open for endorsement.

a) The 5G Appeal, September 13, 2017 and response

Below, the full text, with included links to references, is presented although it can also be found online (www.5gappeal.eu), and also at (https://www.environmentandcancer.com/5g-appeal/).

Scientists and doctors warn of potential severe health effects of 5G

‘We the undersigned scientists and doctors recommend a moratorium on the roll-out of the fifth generation, 5G, for telecommunication until potential hazards for human health and the environment have been fully investigated by scientists independent from industry. 5G will substantially increase exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) on top of the 2G, 3G, 4G, Wi-Fi, etc. for telecommunications already in place. RF-EMF has been proven to be harmful for humans and the environment’.

5G leads to the marked increase of mandatory exposure to wireless radiation

‘5G technology is effective only over short distance. [The range of 5G radiation is decreased due to its increased carrier frequency (up to ~100 GHz) compared to previous mobile telephony generations and other existing microwave telecommunications radiations such as Wi-Fi (up to 2.6 GHz), and according to Rayleigh’s law which explains that the intensity of scattered electromagnetic radiation (Jscat) is proportional to f 4 (where f is the frequency of the radiation) when the dimensions of the scattering particles – such as the molecules of the air, of the building materials, etc. – are smaller than the wavelength (which is the case for all mobile telephony radiations): Jscat ∝ f 4()]. It is poorly transmitted through solid material. Many new [base] antennas will be required and full-scale implementation will result in antennas every 10 to 12 houses in urban areas, thus massively increasing mandatory exposure’.

‘[Moreover, apart from the increase in background exposure, 5G is likely to induce significant thermal effects in addition to the already non-thermal ones, again due to its significantly higher frequency ()]’.

‘With “the ever more extensive use of wireless technologies,” () nobody can avoid to be exposed. Because on top of the increased number of 5G-transmitters (even within housing, shops and in hospitals) according to estimates, “10 to 20 billion connections” () (to refrigerators, washing machines, surveillance cameras, self-driving cars and buses, etc.) will be parts of the Internet of Things. All these together can cause a substantial increase in the total, long term RF-EMF exposure to all EU citizens’.

Harmful effects of RF-EMF exposure have already been proven

‘Over 230 scientists from >40 countries [now 252 scientists from 43 nations] () have expressed their “serious concerns” regarding the ubiquitous and increasing exposure to EMF generated by electric and wireless devices already before the additional 5G roll-out. They refer to the fact that “numerous recent scientific publications have shown that EMFs affect living organisms at levels well below most international and national guidelines”. Effects include increased cancer risk, cellular stress, increase in harmful free radicals, genetic damages, structural and functional changes of the reproductive system, learning and memory deficits, neurological disorders, and negative impacts on general well-being in humans. Damage goes well beyond the human race, as there is growing evidence of harmful effects () to both plants () and animals ()’.

‘After the scientists’ appeal was written in 2015 additional research has convincingly confirmed serious health risks from RF-EMF fields from wireless technology. The world’s largest study (25 million US dollar) National Toxicology Program (NTP) (), shows statistically significant increase in the incidence of brain and heart cancer in animals exposed to EMF [intensities] below the ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) guidelines followed by most countries. These results support results in human epidemiological studies () on RF radiation and brain tumour risk. A large number of peer-reviewed scientific reports () demonstrate harm to human health from EMFs’.

‘The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the cancer agency of the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2011 concluded that EMFs of frequencies 30 KHz – 300 GHz are possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) (,). However, new studies like the NTP study mentioned above and several epidemiological investigations including the latest studies on mobile phone use and brain cancer risks confirm that RF-EMF radiation is carcinogenic to humans ()’.

‘The EUROPA EM-EMF Guideline 2016() states that ”there is strong evidence that long-term exposure to certain EMFs is a risk factor for diseases such as certain cancers, Alzheimer’s disease, and male infertility…Common EHS (electromagnetic hypersensitivity) symptoms include headaches, concentration difficulties, sleep problems, depression, lack of energy, fatigue, and flu-like symptoms”’.

‘An increasing part of the European population is affected by ill health symptoms that have for many years been linked to exposure to EMF and wireless radiation in the scientific literature. The International Scientific Declaration on EHS & multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), Brussels (), declares that: “In view of our present scientific knowledge, we thereby stress all national and international bodies and institutions…to recognize EHS and MCS as true medical conditions which acting as sentinel diseases may create a major public health concern in years to come worldwide i.e. in all the countries implementing unrestricted use of electromagnetic field-based wireless technologies and marketed chemical substances… Inaction is a cost to society and is not an option anymore… we unanimously acknowledge this serious hazard to public health…that major primary prevention measures are adopted and prioritized, to face this worldwide pan-epidemic in perspective”’.

Precautions

‘The Precautionary Principle () was adopted by EU 2005(): “When human activities may lead to morally unacceptable harm that is scientifically plausible but uncertain, actions shall be taken to avoid or diminish that harm”’.

‘The Council of Europe Resolution 1815(): “Take all reasonable measures to reduce exposure to electromagnetic fields, especially to radio frequencies from mobile phones, and particularly the exposure to children and young people who seem to be most at risk from head tumours…Assembly strongly recommends that the ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) principle is applied, covering both the so-called thermal effects and the athermic [non-thermal] or biological effects of electromagnetic emissions or radiation” and to “improve risk-assessment standards and quality”’.

‘The Nuremberg code () applies to all experiments on humans, thus including the roll-out of 5G with new, higher RF-EMF exposure. All such experiments: “should be based on previous knowledge (e.g., an expectation derived from animal experiments) that justifies the experiment. No experiment should be conducted, where there is an a priori reason to believe that death or disabling injury will occur; except, perhaps, in those experiments where the experimental physicians also serve as subjects,” Nuremberg code pts 3-5(). Already published scientific studies show that there is “a priori reason to believe” in real health hazards’.

‘The European Environment Agency () is warning for “Radiation risk from everyday devices” in spite of the radiation being below the WHO/ICNIRP standards (). EEA also concludes: “There are many examples of the failure to use the precautionary principle in the past, which have resulted in serious and often irreversible damage to health and environments…harmful exposures can be widespread before there is both ‘convincing’ evidence of harm from long-term exposures, and biological understanding [mechanism] () of how that harm is caused”’.

‘Safety guidelines’ protect the industry, not health

‘The current ICNIRP “safety guidelines” are obsolete. All proofs of harm mentioned above arise although the radiation is below the ICNIRP “safety guidelines” (). Therefore new safety standards are necessary. The reason for the misleading guidelines is that “conflict of interest of ICNIRP members () due to their relationships with telecommunications or electric companies undermine the impartiality that should govern the regulation of Public Exposure Standards for non-ionizing radiation…To evaluate cancer risks it is necessary to include scientists with competence in medicine, especially oncology’.

‘The current ICNIRP/WHO guidelines for EMF are based on the obsolete hypothesis that “The critical effect of RF-EMF exposure relevant to human health and safety is heating of exposed tissue” (). However, scientists have proven that many different kinds of illnesses and harms are caused without heating (“non-thermal effect”) () at radiation levels well below ICNIRP guidelines’.

The authors thus urge the EU to carry out the following

i) ‘To take all reasonable measures to halt the 5G RF-EMF expansion until independent scientists can assure that 5G and the total radiation levels caused by RF-EMF (5G together with 2G, 3G, 4G, and WiFi) will not be harmful for EU-citizens, especially infants, children and pregnant women, as well as the environment’. ii) ‘To recommend that all EU countries, especially their radiation safety agencies, follow Resolution 1815 and inform citizens, including, teachers and physicians, about health risks from RF-EMF radiation, how and why to avoid microwave radiation, particularly in/near e.g., daycare centers, schools, homes, workplaces, hospitals and elderly care’. iii) ‘To appoint immediately, without industry influence, an EU task force of independent, truly impartial EMF-and-health scientists with no conflicts of interest (to re-evaluate the health risks and: a) To decide about new, safe “maximum total exposure standards” for all microwave radiation within EU. b) To study the total and cumulative exposure affecting EU-citizens. c) To create rules that will be prescribed/enforced within the EU about how to avoid exposure exceeding new EU “maximum total exposure standards” concerning all kinds of EMFs in order to protect citizens, especially infants, children and pregnant women’. iv) ‘To prevent the wireless/telecom industry through its lobbying organizations from persuading EU-officials to make decisions about further propagation of RF radiation including 5G in Europe’. v) ‘To favor and implement wired digital telecommunication instead of wireless’.

First reply from the EU

A reply from the EU was sent on October 13, 2017 by the Directorate-General Health and Food Safety (Public health, country knowledge, crisis management) in Luxembourg. It was not replied to by the Commissioner Andriukaitis, but instead by Mr. John F. Ryan, Director (for the full text please see: http://www.5gappeal.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/reply_ryan.pdf). Some paragraphs are presented below:

‘It is worth underlining that for the Commission health protection is always taken into account in all of its proposals. There is consistent evidence presented by national and international bodies (International Commission on Non Ionising Radiation Protection – ICNIRP, Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks – SCENIHR) that exposure to electromagnetic fields does not represent a health risk, if it remains below the limits set by Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC (https://ec.europa.eu/health//sites/health/files/electromagnetic_fields/docs/emf_rec519_en.pdf)’.

‘The Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks, which is independent of the Commission, has a standing mandate to provide this update’.

‘It has already produced five opinions. The last opinion was adopted in January 2015 on “Potential health effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields”. (https://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/emerging/docs/scenihr_o_041.pdf)’.

‘These scientific opinions have not provided any scientific justification for revising the exposure limits (basic restrictions and reference levels) under Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC’.

‘Digital technologies and mobile communication technologies, including high speed internet, will be the backbone of Europe’s future economy, allowing all citizens to be connected. At the same time, all citizens deserve appropriate protection against electromagnetic fields from all types of sources including from wireless devices’.

‘Most 5G networks are expected to use smaller cells than previous generations with lower electromagnetic fields exposure levels. This is confirmed by the experience so far gained. The introduction of 3G and 4G has not increased exposure from environmental fields and this has been published also in peer-reviewed journals. In particular, the introduction of 3G has lowered exposure of mobile phone users for calls, compared to 2G’.

‘Related to the issue of the alleged conflicts of interests, the Commission is not aware of any conflicts of interests of members of international bodies such as ICNIRP or the members of SCENIHR. Please be informed that the Ombudsman conclusion in case 208/2015/P concerning conflicts of interests in a Commission expert group on electromagnetic fields is that there was no maladministration by the European Commission (https://www.ombudsman.europa.eu/en/cases/decision.faces/en/78175/html.bookmark)’.

‘Please be assured that the Commission will pursue scrutiny of the independent scientific evidence available to ensure the highest health protection of our citizens’.

Comment: There are obvious misconceptions in this reply such as: ‘The introduction of 3G and 4G has not increased exposure from environmental fields and this has been published also in peer-reviewed journals’. On the contrary, numerous peer-reviewed articles have demonstrated that exposure to ambient RF radiation has increased substantially, as discussed (3-6).

In addition, the statement that: ‘the Commission is not aware of any conflicts of interests of members of international bodies such as ICNIRP or the members of SCENIHR’ does not represent the scientific evidence of inherent conflicts of interest both in ICNIRP and SCENIHR (,). The very Commission seems to be ill-informed or even misinformed, as the EU seems to take information mainly from these two fraudulent organizations, but not from independent researchers. The EU does not seem to rely on sound science and thereby downplays the RF-related risks (,,).

b) First rebuttal to the EU and the response

On November 13, 2017, a rebuttal was sent to the EU Commissioner of Health, Dr Andriukaitis. The whole letter can be found at: https://www.environmentandcancer.com/letter-to-vytenis-andriukaitis-13-11-2017/.

‘We suppose that you know that Director John F. Ryan, October 13, 2017 replied (Ares 2017 5015409 – Reply to the EU 5G-appeal, and that he said: “There is consistent evidence that exposure to electromagnetic fields does not represent a health risk… if below the limits …” His conclusion is based on the opinions of ICNIRP and SCENIHR’.

‘As early as February 1, 2016, in a Comment on SCENIHR to Mr. Ryan it was shown in article and letter by Drs. [Sage], Carpenter and Hardell, representing BioInitiative and ECERI, that: ”The evidence in the SCENIHR Final Opinion on EMF clearly and convincingly establishes the potential for health effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields [EMF]. Based on the evidence provided in this Opinion, the Committee is obligated to draw to the attention of the [EU] Commission that EMF is a new and emerging problem that may pose an actual or potential threat”’ ().

‘In spite of all this, Mr Ryan in his reply to us still continues to claim that EMF ‘does not represent a health risk’ and – without any other references than ICNIRP and SCENIHR – defends industry’s standpoint that EMFs are harmless if below the ICNIRP “safety guidelines”. In addition he ignores the IARC evaluations on both ELF-EMF and RF-EMF to be ‘possible’ human carcinogens, Group 2B’.

‘In the 5G-Appeal we urge EU to appoint a truly independent expert group of EMF-and-health researchers (contrary to ICNIRP and SCENIHR) to decide about new safe guidelines for EMF exposure. It is imperative to immediately apply EU:s Precautionary Principle (and ALARA) enabling rapid response to stop distribution of 5G products in order to diminish the harm that has already been proven by scientists. A European pan-epidemic may follow if you don’t do so’.

Second reply from EU on 29 November, 2017

This was sent from the European Commission, Cabinet of Commissioner Vytenis Andriukaitis, Head of Cabinet Brussels, written by Arūnas Vinciunas. The full reply can be found at: http://www.5gappeal.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/reply_vinciunas.pdf).

‘When Mr Ryan answered your email, in which you stated your disagreement with the Commission’s stance on the 5G appeal, he presented the conclusions of roughly two decades of research on the potential health effects of EMF, and the views expressed in the Scientific Opinions produced by the independent Scientific Committees. [ICNIRP – International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection and SCENIHR – Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks]. The Committee’s last Opinion on EMF, published in 2015, is based on hundreds of peer-reviewed studies published worldwide and is the fourth Opinion on EMF published since EMF legislation was adopted in 1999. The Committee’s conclusion in this latest Opinion was based on exposure studies, epidemiological studies and in vivo and in vitro studies, and studies on any suggestions of causality were considered for the weighting’.

‘The Commission services are confident that the advice provided by the Scientific Committees is unbiased, accurate and scientifically sound and therefore do not feel it necessary to appoint an independent expert group of EMF-and-health researchers to discuss new safe guidelines for EMF exposure’.

‘The recourse to the EU’s Precautionary Principle to stop the distribution of 5G products appears too drastic a measure. We first need to see how this new technology will be applied and how the scientific evidence will evolve. Please rest assured that the Commission will keep abreast of future developments in view of safeguarding the health of the European citizens at the highest level possible and in line with its mandate’.

Comment: This reply from EU is far from adequate. It does not represent a sound evaluation of the RF-related radiation risks based on published peer-reviewed studies. This is again outlined in our response to the EU.

c) Second rebuttal to the EU and the response

On January 17, 2018, a letter was sent to Dr. Vytenis Andriukaitis, EU Commissioner of Health. Sections of this letter are presented below and the full text can be found at: https://www.environmentandcancer.com/letter-to-vytenis-andriukaitis-and-donald-tusk-17-01-18/.

‘Following the letter and the Scientist Appeal calling for a moratorium on 5G (“The 5G Appeal”), which we sent to your office, we received a response from Director John F. Ryan on October 13, 2017 and then, upon our reply, a letter from Mr. Arūnas Vinciūnas dated 29.11.2017’.

‘Despite the conclusive evidence presented in our letters, both Director Ryan and Mr. Vinciūnas gave generic responses and continued to claim that EMF “does not represent a health risk”. In doing so they only refer to ICNIRP and SCENIHR opinions without explaining why they disregarded the compelling evidence and references under the 5G-Appeal headline: “Harmful effects of RF-EMF exposure are already proven”’.

‘The ICNIRP exposure limits are dependent on an unproven hypothesis that “only heat from EMF can cause health hazards”. This hypothesis has clearly been rejected in a large number of scientific studies’.

‘Both EU officials defend the industry-supportive standpoint that EMFs are harmless if below the ICNIRP “guidelines”. However, many of the scientists on both ICNIRP’s and SCENIHR’s committees are connected to the telecom industry with obvious conflicts of interest’.

‘Mr Vinciūnas stated in his letter: “The recourse to the EU’s Precautionary Principle to stop the distribution of 5G products appears too drastic a measure .” Mr Vinciūnas finishes his letter: “we need to see … how the scientific evidence will evolve”’.

‘According to Communication from the Commission on the precautionary principle: “Whether or not to invoke the Precautionary Principle is a decision exercised where scientific information is insufficient, inconclusive, or uncertain and where there are indications that the possible effects on the environment, or human, animal or plant health may be potentially dangerous and inconsistent with the chosen level of protection.” That describes the situation with 5G perfectly. Existing data shows that 5G frequencies [radiations] are hazardous. However, additional studies will be necessary to fully determine the extent of the risk’.

Third reply from the EU

This letter was replied to on April 27, 2018 by Mr. Arūnas Vinčiūnas from the Cabinet of Commissioner Vytenis Andriukaitis. For the full third reply to our appeals please see: https://www.environmentandcancer.com/answer-from-arunas-vinciunas-27-04-2018/.

‘Thank you very much for your letter of 15 March 2018 which was also transmitted by email on 19 March. Commissioner Andriukaitis has asked me to reply to you on his behalf’.

‘Finally, let me refer to the previous correspondence you have had with John F. Ryan, Director of Public Health and me (29 November 2017, 13 October 2017 and 19 February 2018) where we have comprehensively explained our position with regard to the arguments you have raised. It is my view that we have now extensively deliberated on the matter and that we should refrain from further repetition’.

‘Please rest assured that the Commission will remain committed to safeguarding the health of the European citizens, at the highest level possible and in line with his mandate’.

d) Third rebuttal to the EU and the response

This rebuttal had the title “Request for a moratorium on the 5G rollout. Request for guidelines based on independent research. Request for documents showing that 5G is safe”. On May 20, 2019 a letter with these requests was sent to Dr Karmenu Vella, EU Commissioner of Environment and Dr Vytenis Andriukaitis, EU Commissioner of Health. For the full text please see: https://www.environmentandcancer.com/letter-to-vytenis-andriukaitis-20-05-2019/.

‘We make reference to the Precautionary Principle (PP) () It ”enables a rapid response to be given in the face of a possible danger to human health…institutions may take protective measures without having to wait until the reality… of risks become apparent … preventive action should be taken” (). Research confirms 5G to be a risk to all life on earth’.

‘With this communication we touch upon three points:’ i) ‘Firstly, we request in the 5G Appeal to EU (www.5gappeal.eu), of which you are a public servant and representative, to declare an immediate moratorium on 5G deployment. The 5G appeal to EU is now confirmed by 230+ truly independent scientists and physicians from 36 countries. The Space 5G appeal () has more than 83,000 affirmations from 168 countries. According to PP () and EU IP/00/96() “protection of health takes precedence over economic considerations.”’ ii) ‘Secondly, we ask for groups of truly industry-independent researchers to establish new guidelines for exposure. An “In-depth analysis” of the deployment of 5G (), published by EU in April 2019, needs to be seriously considered. It stated that” One aspect, for example, that is not well understood today is the unpredictable propagation patterns that could result in unacceptable levels of human exposure to electromagnetic radiation.”(p. 6)’. iii) ‘Thirdly, with this letter we are formally requesting, in accordance with Art. 42() on EU Fundamental Rights, access to all documents in your possession, either created by you or at your disposal, related to the effects of EMF to human health and the environment. Once in possession of such a list, we will decide which of those documents, if any, are of interest and show that 5G is safe. The list of the documents, and the ways to access them, should be sent to the email addresses below’.

‘We note that, while the EU is eagerly promoting the rollout of 5G, a new EU report admits () “the problem is that currently it is not possible to accurately simulate or measure 5G emissions in the real world” (p. 12). “Significant concern is emerging over the possible impact on health and safety arising from potentially much higher exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation arising from 5G” (p. 4). The EU report also stresses dangers: ”Increased exposure may result not only from the use of much higher frequencies in 5G but also from the potential for the aggregation of different signals, their dynamic nature, and the complex interference effects that may result, especially in dense urban areas.” (p. 11)’.

Fourth reply from the EU

Finally, a response was delivered by the EU on September 5, 2019, although with reference to the wrong date of our letter. It was sent by Arunas Vinciunas from the Cabinet of Commissioner Vytenis Andriukaitis. The full response can be read at: https://www.environmentandcancer.com/answer-from-arunas-vinciunas-05-09-2019/.

‘Thank you for your email of 7 July 2019 to Commissioner Andriukaitis in which you request to halt the 5G expansion in the EU immediately in order to allow a moratorium for industry independent research. Commissioner Andriukaitis has asked me to reply to you on his behalf’.

‘In my latter note to you I already expressed my view that we had extensively deliberated on the matter and that we should refrain from further repetition’.

‘As regards your request to halt the launch of the new 5G technology, I would like to confirm the view already expressed in my note of 29 November 2017 to you that stopping the distribution of 5G products appears too drastic a measure. I repeat that first there is a need to see how this new technology will be applied and how the scientific evidence will evolve’.

‘Concerning your call for a scientific evaluation and new guidelines for exposure, the second point you have raised, let me stress that the Commission will review the situation once the review of the guidelines issued by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Protection (ICNIRP) will be finalised which is expected in due course’.

‘As regards your third point, documents related to the effects of electromagnetic fields to human health and the environment, please be referred to the opinion of the Commission’s Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks of 20 January 2015 on potential health effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) (https://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/emerging/docs/scenihr_o_041.pdf) that provides an extensive list of references to scientific literature on this issue’.

Comment on the fourth reply from the EU appeal: There is no new evidence of the safety in this letter from EU compared with the earlier replies. Of note, the EU relies on documentation of risk only on old and biased selection of references in one single report from SCENIHR (https://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/emerging/docs/scenihr_o_041.pdf). Thus, EU officials still seem to base the evaluation of the health risks on reports from the ICNIRP and SCENIHR that have been seriously criticized. Of note, the EU relies on a report from 2015 as to scientific publications on the safety of 5G, a technology that was not developed during that time. This suggests that perhaps the EU is reluctant to deal with the safety issues associated with 5G technology.

e) Fourth rebuttal to the EU

On October 24, 2019 a fourth rebuttal was sent to the EU (https://www.environmentandcancer.com/letter-to-arunas-vinciunas-24-10-2019). We wrote that ‘Specifically now, as we wish to assist the Commissioner in giving due response, it can be further specified from this side that we need the list of documents related to EMFs created by RF/Radiofrequencies (so: not by ELF) and even more specifically, to the list of those documents based on which the Commission is basing its current position that 5G should not be stopped nor subject to a moratorium (see the statement of your letter that “first there is a need to see how this new technology will be applied and how the scien6fic evidence will evolve”). We leave aside our total disagreement on the merits of such position at this time: formally, we are entitled to receive from you such a list of documents based on which the Commissioner determined that 5G is safe. Based on that list we will decide which of those documents, are of interest. Please provide such list by email no later than October 31, 2019. This is urgent’.

Fifth reply from the EU

In this response, dated December 19, 2019, it was stated that new ICNIRP guidelines are expected. Thus, the same approach to this issue as previously and no new commitment (https://www.environmentandcancer.com/answer-from-martin-seychell-19-12-2019).

Appeals to the Nordic Prime Ministers

The 5G Appeal was also sent to the Nordic Prime Ministers (https://www.environmentandcancer.com/letter-to-nordic-ministers-27-6-2018/); (https://www.environmentandcancer.com/letter-to-nordic-ministers-5-3-2019/). The only reply, dated March 29, 2019, was sent from the Swedish government (Ministry of Enterprise and Innovation, Mari Mild). It was stated that the government relies on Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM) and their yearly update of health risks and that no new health risks have been reported. According to the letter there is no reason for a moratorium on the deployment of 5G, see (in Swedish) (https://www.miljoochcancer.com/svar-fran-naringsdepartementet-29-3-2019/). SSM relies on ICNIRP.

Discussion

Our experience with the EU and the Governments of the Nordic countries suggests that the majority of decision makers are scientifically uninformed on health risks from RF radiation (). In addition, they seem to be uninterested to being informed by scientists representing the majority of the scientific community, i.e., those scientists who are concerned about the increasing evidence or even proof of harmful health effects below the ICNIRP guidelines (www.emfscientist.org). Instead, they rely on evaluations with inborn errors of conflicts, such as ICNIRP. In fact, the ICNIRP, with the support of WHO and major telecommunications companies, has been rather successful in implementing their views in the EU and worldwide. Their guidelines seem to be based on the omission of scientific facts. Thus, their possible ignorance of the health risks is of concern, as well as their reluctance to adhere to warnings from large numbers of scientists around the world.

It is striking that 5G is deployed without previous scientific evaluation of health risks. Not only cancer risks, but also other health effects such as fertility, cognitive and neurobehavioral effects, oxidative stress and electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) have been associated with RF exposure [for a more detailed discussion on this tope, please see previous publications (,,,,)]. It is thus noteworthy that the ICNIRP thermal paradigm is still used for the evaluation of the health risks associated with RF radiation. One issue of major concern is that there seems to be conflicts of interest among persons in the evaluating groups. Furthermore the same persons may often be found in different bodies, thereby in fact citing themselves representing a cartel (https://www.saferemr.com/2018/07/icnirps-exposure-guidelines-for-radio.html). This has been outlined in peer-reviewed publications (,).

This is also an ethical question. Thus, it would not be possible to test a new drug on individuals without information and signed permission by each individual. Certainly, this principle should apply to 5G that is furthermore, mandatory. Exposure to RF radiation from 5G must be regarded as a medical experiment with potential health risks, some known and expected based on current knowledge, some unknown since this is a new untested technology. A letter of information to those exposed must be sent for informed consent. However, it must be concluded that such a letter, affirming no risk, cannot be formulated based on the limited number of studies on 5G, in fact most of them with no assurance of no risks.

This is also a moral question for all the individuals involved in the propagation of 5G. It is to be noted that individuals within e.g., ICNIRP, national governmental bodies and the EU, partly a cartel, seem to neglect scientific warnings. They instead seem to follow the no-risk paradigm. It is thus questionable as to how it is possible to thereby disregard the diseases caused by this technology and to not consider the affected persons.

Taking the history of e.g., tobacco and smoking and the long period of time it took for cancer classification into account, it is fully understandable that RF radiation is still in the beginning of that history. However, if no action is currently taken, the costs to society will most likely be very high in terms of premature deaths, deteriorated public health and damage to the ecological system. It is however, important to publish the history of neglected RF radiation warnings. The EU seems to perhaps lacking in that respect. It must be concluded that the polluter has to pay the full cost of harm from this technology (). Those in responsible positions in governments and organizations intended to protect the public and the environment from harm (WHO and ICNIRP), but who fail to do so by ignoring the increasing warnings from scientists worldwide about the dangers of 5G, should also be held responsible for the harm to the public that they thereby induce (). No doubt damage to the environment by the business sector may be substantial (https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/feb/18/worlds-top-firms-environmental-damage).

The EU principle that the Polluter Pays (Article 191, pt 2) states: ‘Union policy on the environment shall aim at a high level of protection taking into account the diversity of situations in the various regions of the Union. It shall be based on the precautionary principle and on the principles that preventive action should be taken, that environmental damage should as a priority be rectified at source and that the polluter should pay’. (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:12008E191:EN:HTML).

‘The fundamental principle of this Directive should therefore be that an operator whose activity has caused the environmental damage or the imminent threat of such damage is to be held financially liable, in order to induce operators to adopt measures and develop practices to minimise the risks of environmental damage so that their exposure to financial liabilities is reduced’ () (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32004L0035&from=EN).

The industry tries to convince us that the super high frequencies of 5G are so weak and its millimeter waves will penetrate only the outer surface of the skin. The opposite was proven in USSR research already in 1977 (https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP88B01125R000300120005-6.pdf). High frequencies (37-60 GHz), which will be used in 5G, caused several kinds of detrimental effects in experimental rats. The high frequencies seem to be worse than the lower frequencies. The USSR experiments were made more than 40 years ago – when we had no digital pulsed radiation – with a generator producing sinus curves. Peaks of pulsed radiation used in 5G with unpredictable intensity changes seem to be an important parameter for the bioactivity of RF radiation ().

In conclusion, this article demonstrates that the EU has given mandate to a 13-member, non-governmental private group, the ICNIRP, to decide upon the RF radiation guidelines. The ICNIRP, as well as SCENIHR, are well shown not to use the sound evaluation of science on the detrimental effects of RF radiation, which is documented in the research which is discussed above (,,,,). These two small organizations are producing reports which seem to deny the existence of scientific published reports on the related risks. It should perhaps be questioned whether it is in the realm of protecting human health and the environment by EU and whether the safety of EU citizens and the environment can be protected by not fully understanding the health-related risks.

Acknowledgements

Not applicable.

Funding

No funding was received.

Availability of data and materials

The information generated and analyzed during the current study is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Authors’ contributions

Both authors (LH and RN) participated in the conception, design and writing of the manuscript, and have read and approved the final version.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Patient consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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5G Citizens under Wireless Attack -Article by W.Newstadt

5G – citizens under wireless attack

Written by Wendy Newstadt

Imagine that a strange team of people arrive in your home in the middle of the night, proceed to lock you in a room and conduct obscure experiments upon you.  Sounds like a science-fiction movie?

Actually, that is what is going on right now, more or less.  Governments around the world are frantically rolling out 5th Generation (5G) technology, against the warnings of scientists who are convinced that the type of microwave radiation emitted by 5G will have severe and as-yet undetermined effects on humans and our environment.

“It’s the largest biological experiment ever conducted on the human race” said Swedish neurosurgeon Dr. Leif Salford, whose laboratory tests have showed that electromagnetic waves from mobile phones break through the blood brain barrier in only 2 minutes, leading to the destruction of brain cells. https://medium.com/@3DA0KM/the-swedish-neurosurgeon-leif-salford-heard-that-microwave-radiation-opens-the-blood-brain-barrier-a053485ff517

5G is the latest development in wireless technology, vastly increasing transmission speeds between all devices and with the capacity to link all appliances and devices. Clever marketing slogans such as “Smart Cities” and the “Internet of Things” are being used to describe this brave new world, which permits communication and data-gathering across cities and countries. The rollout is currently taking place globally at lightning speed and with virtually no public participation.  But the global marketing and speed of implementation is masking a crucial and uncomfortable truth – namely that there has been insufficient testing done to determine the effects of 5G to ourselves and our environment, despite scientists warning for decades that increased wireless radiation is a health risk on many biological levels.

If the telecommunications industry plans for 5G come to fruition, no person, no animal, no bird, no bee and no plant on earth will be able to avoid exposure, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year to levels of radiation that are tens to hundreds of times greater than exists today. These 5G plans threaten to provoke serious, irreversible effects on humans and cause permanent damage to all of earth’s ecosystems.  The communication industry represents Big Money. Governments around the world court Big Money and sell it to their populations as progress.  The collusion of governments and telecoms corporations have underpinned the demand for 5G technology, which is in total disregard to health and privacy concerns. Indeed The 5G rollout is being used to strip away local power.

Unlike previous generations of digital networks, 5G is the fastest known wireless connection and runs at extremely high frequencies. 5G is non-ionising yet it functions in the dangerous millimetre frequency range. 4G networks use frequencies below 3 GHz (mostly in MHZ range), while 5G will use much higher frequencies in the 30 GHz to 300 GHz range. These high frequency millimetre waves are unable to travel long distances or go through buildings or trees, so given limited reach, the 5G rollout will require cell antennas every 100 to 200 meters, often disguised as street poles or street lights. These will be in close proximity to homes, parks and schools, thereby exposing us all to excessively high levels of millimetre wave radiation, in addition to all existing wireless frequencies. The vast increase in sources transmitting high frequency signals raises very serious questions as to its risks and dangers.

This extensive rollout of small cell 5G sites placed close together, conveniently maximizes profit for the telecoms industry. Due to the increase of cell masts, wireless radiation levels are predicted to go so high that telecoms companies are working to loosen government limits on radiation levels, in order to roll it out. 5G also employs new technologies such as phased array and military style crowd dispersion control by making the skin burn at high frequencies, thereby giving it the capacity to be a biological and military weapon. In addition to thousands of base stations to be installed on streets and tops of buildings, between 20,000 and 30,000 satellites will be deployed into space to supplement 5G services.

The introduction of 5G has become extremely controversial and scientists and citizen groups are banding together in several countries across the globe over the health risks of high frequency electromagnetic radiation (EMR). Scientists are cautioning that before rolling out 5G, research on radiation effects, both to humans and other species has be done first to ensure that the public and environment are protected. More than 240 scientists published an appeal to the United Nations in 2019 to call for a moratorium on 5G, citing “established” adverse biological effects of EMR. http://www.5gappeal.eu/about/   and https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/we-have-no-reason-to-believe-5g-is-safe/

Huawei has brought 5G into South Africa and is partnering with several cell companies including Rain, Vodacom and Liquid Telecoms, who sing praises of its unmatched super speed. In South Africa there was an objection period of only 3 months (Nov 2019-Jan 2020) and the present rollout has curiously side stepped the usual rigour of municipal by-laws for cell tower erection and placement. South African citizens have not been made aware of plans to implement, forums for objection, nor any of its dangers. As the covert rollout begins without these conversations, it starts to look more and more like it is being thrust upon us citizens who simply have no choice in the matter. And for a country that is so challenged for power grid capacity, the huge additional energy consumption required to power a wireless internet of things is truly absurd. An apocalyptic battle between human beings and government is ensuing. Many anti 5G movements across the globe are requesting  that the deployment is delayed in South Africa until the industry has provided hard proof that use of 5G technologies are indeed safe.

As quoted by Dr. Martin Pall of Washington University, “the effects produced from 5G microwave frequency include increased neurological/neuropsychiatric damage, 3 types of compromising effects on cellular DNA, endocrine (hormonal) damage, lowered male and female fertility, increase in cell death, cardiac effects on the electrical control of the heart, oxidative stress, free radical damage and cancer. “

http://coeursdehs.fr/pr-martin-pall-massive-predicted-effects-of-5g-in-the-context-of-safety-guideline-failures/ and

https://www.emfsa.co.za/videos/dr-martin-pall-to-the-nih-the-5g-rollout-is-absolutely-insane/

Overseas, there is a far more vigorous conversation about this and many countries are starting to put the brakes on the 5G rollout. Belgium, Switzerland and Slovenia have placed moratoria on 5G rollout until comprehensive testing on health effects has been done. https://www.worldhealth.net/news/brussels-first-major-city-halt-5g-due-health-effects/.  Senate hearings in the US have resulted in many experts urging caution before the implementation of 5G.

China, in sharp contrast, proceeded to unleash 5G faster than any other nation. China rolled out 10,000 5G base stations in the province of Wuhan in October 2019 making it one of the world’s most electro polluted cities. Just 2 months later, the city became the epicentre for the spread of a new kind of coronavirus Covid-19. While scientists speculate how or why a formerly benign class of virus became so opportunistic in such a short time, some groups have argued that there may be a correlation between the countries hardest-hit by Covid-19 and the extent of their 5G roll-out.  While cause-and-effect would be impossible to prove, one theory avers that the oxidative effects of 5G on the human immune system are weakening people’s ability to fight off the infection.

Conveniently, telecommunications companies are using the lockdown period to expedite an urgent rollout of 5G due to increased network demand during the lockdown. In the USA there have been recordings of cell towers going up at schools and other public spaces while citizens are locked away in their houses.

In conclusion, we, the public of South Africa, deserve to have this technology tested, debated and if need be, reversed altogether, in order to safeguard ourselves and all species that may be in 5G harm’s way. Educate yourself, get involved and contact your ward councillor and residents associations regarding the unregulated rollout of 5G.

Please see the following links:

Pic of newly erected cell tower in Linden right outside shops and residential area

https://www.emfsa.co.za/

https://ehtrust.org/scientific-research-on-5g-and-health/

Wireless wake-up call

https://www.worldhealth.net/news/brussels-first-major-city-halt-5g-due-health-effects/

https://www.facebook.com/groups/1055182804676747/

 

 

Actions re Cell Phone Towers near You

Letter to Residents Affected:

Dear Resident,

Regarding the placement of a Cell Phone Mast in Close Proximity to your residence.

Please enquire from your insurance company – are you insured against developing adverse health effects from exposure to electromagnetic radiation?

Check with your medical aid – will it cover you in the event of developing adverse health effects?  For instance: ask if you will be protected in the event of you developing Electrohypersensitivity(EHS)/Electromagnetic Field Intolerance Syndrome (EMFIS).


1. Click on the link below to access the pdf (more extensive and updated information is available from EMFSA upon request).

Cell Phone Tower Objections Template

Letters to Residents being Asked for Approval to Erect Cell phone Tower

2. Dear Resident –

Prior to Granting Permission of the Erecting of a Cell Phone Tower in close proximity to your residence, please consider the following before you give your permission:

  1. Each tower may have more than one antenna set, each antenna set will cover 360 degrees for full coverage.
  2. Once the tower has been installed –You will not be able to have it removed.
  3. You will also have no say about the cellular service providers that use these towers, or about what equipment they install within or outside of the towers, or future additions.
  4. Each tower will emit pulse modulated radio frequency radiation, specifically microwave and millimeter-wave radiation, 24 hours a day, every day and night, forever.
  5. The radiation is designed to penetrate into every room in your home. The radiation levels to which you might be  subjected to could be biologically unsafe. Whereas you are able to switch off your own devices at night the tower radiation is 24/7.
  6. Radio frequency radiation has been linked, by numerous international biomedical research studies, to a broad range of health consequences. Some examples are sleep disruption, headaches, ringing in the ears, fatigue, loss of concentration, memory, or learning ability, disorientation, dizziness, or loss of balance. Studies have also indicated increased risk of cancer.
  7. Everyone is vulnerable to harm from radio frequency radiation, including pregnant women and their unborn children, babies, teenagers, adults, seniors, the chronically ill, the disabled, those in remission from cancer and those fighting cancer. No consideration will be given to which of these sensitive individuals is present in your community, or to where these cell towers are located relative to them. Nor will any effort be made to track any health problems that may surface in your community after the installation of both macro and small cell towers, (including  numerous 4G and 5G small cells that will be deployed on lampposts, security poles and other street furniture in the public right of way.)
  8. While medical organizations, like the National Institutes of Health, must control the exposure of humans to toxins, without a thorough ethics review, no similar prohibition exists for telecommunications companies.
  9. You will have a difficult time proving that the cell tower radiation did harm you, even if it has, because the symptoms of such harm are highly varied and differ from individual to individual.
  10. Also, you will undoubtedly be exposed to radiation from other sources, those sources most likely from within your home so it will be hard for you to prove that it was cell tower radiation that was at fault. The telecom companies will  try to deflect responsibility to others, perhaps even to government agencies, and to the government officials who approved the locating of the cell tower in your community.
  11. If you try to get insurance protection against any harm to your health from the radiation, you will be turned down because the underwriters of insurance are increasingly aware of the health risks of radio frequency radiation and may not be willing to back the insurance carriers.
  12. If you try to get medical care for any harm that the radiation has caused you, you will find that the medical profession is not yet trained to address this type of harm.  As a result, the profession may have no remedies for you other than treating the symptoms.
  13. Even if you move to avoid the radiation, you may find that the harm done to you may not be fully reversible. And, when you do move, you may find that the value of your home is less than you expected. Given these circumstances, consider carefully if you would like to volunteer yourself and your family for exposure to the radio frequency radiation from  cell towers.

Wireless Industry Confesses: “No Studies Show 5G is Safe”

February 14, 2019

Last week, U.S. Senator Richard Blumenthal grilled wireless industry representatives, who admitted the industry has done ZERO health & safety studies on 5G technology. Meanwhile, dozens of independent studies indicates that 5G is a risk to all biological life. Watch the video above, on YouTube here, or on Facebook here.

Originally posted at blumethal.senate.gov with resources from EHTrust.org.

[WASHINGTON, DC]— During today’s Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee hearing on the future of 5G wireless technology and their impact on the American people and economy, U.S. Senator Richard Blumenthal (D-CT) raised concerns with the lack of any scientific research and data on the technology’s potential health risks.

Blumenthal blasted the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)—government agencies jointly-responsible for ensuring that cellphone technologies are safe to use—for failing to conduct any research into the safety of 5G technology, and instead, engaging in bureaucratic finger-pointing and deferring to industry.

In December 2018, Blumenthal and U.S. Representative Anna G. Eshoo (CA-18) sent a letter to FCC Commissioner Brendan Carr seeking answers regarding potential health risks posed by new 5G wireless technology. At today’s hearing, Blumenthal criticized Carr for failing to provide answers, and instead, just echoing, “the general statements of the FDA, which shares regulatory responsibility for cell phones with the FCC.”  Blumenthal also decried the FDA’s statements as “pretty unsatisfactory.”  A PDF of Carr’s complete response is available here.

During an exchange with wireless industry representatives, Blumenthal asked them whether they have supported research on the safety of 5G technology and potential links between radiofrequency and cancer, and the industry representatives conceded they have not.

Blumenthal stated:

“If you go to the FDA website, there basically is a cursory and superficial citation to existing scientific data saying ‘The FDA has urged the cell phone industry to take a number of steps, including support additional research on possible biological effects of radio frequency fields for the type of signals emitted by cell phones.’ I believe that Americans deserve to know what the health effects are, not to pre-judge what scientific studies may show, and they also deserve a commitment to do the research on outstanding questions.”

“So my question for you: How much money has the industry committed to supporting additional independent research—I stress independent—research? Is that independent research ongoing? Has any been completed? Where can consumers look for it? And we’re talking about research on the biological effects of this new technology.”

At the end of the exchange, Blumenthal concluded,

“So there really is no research ongoing.  We’re kind of flying blind here, as far as health and safety is concerned.”

In November 2018, the National Toxicology Program released the final results of the longest and most expensive study to date on cellphones and cancer. Those studies found “some evidence” of a link to cancer, at least in male rats. However, the study only focused on the risks associated with 2G and 3G cell phones.

The latest 5G wireless technology relies on the deployment of many more new antennas and transmitters that are clustered lower to the ground and closer to homes and schools. There has been even more limited research with respect to the health ramifications of 5G technology, and the FCC has thus far failed to adequately explain how they have determined 5G is safe.

Additional Notes

Senator Blumenthal is speaking to industry witnesses in the Senate hearing video:

  • Mr. Brad Gillen, Vice President, CTIA
  • Mr. Steve Berry, President and CEO, Competitive Carriers Association
  • Mr. Shailen Bhatt, President and CEO, Intelligent Transportation Society of America
  • Mr. Michael Wessel, Commissioner, U.S.-China Economic & Security Review Commission
  • Ms. Kim Zentz, Chief Executive Officer, Urbanova

Letter from Blumenthal and Eshoo to FCC Commissioner Brendan Carr asking about the Safety of 5G

Response from FCC Commissioner Carr to Blumenthal on 5G

Resources from December Blumenthal Press Conference

Resources on 5G and Health:

Scientific Evidence

Grassroots Communities & Organizations

Note: Several of the organizations listed below are still promoting actions limited to contacting your elected representatives and pleading for help. With that being said, there is a resounding increase in awareness that a firmer response is now required.

5G: Videos from Josh del Sol

“The Truth About 5G” (38 mins, 2016)
Reveals an insidious mindset at the top levels of the FCC and industry.

“UN Staff Member: 5G Is War on Humanity” (6 mins, 2019)
Documents the UN Secretary General being notified of harm from 5G and wireless proliferation.

Special thanks to EHTrust.org.

(https://www.takebackyourpower.net/senate-hearing-wireless-industry-confesses-no-studies-showing-5g-safety/?fbclid=IwAR1HeKrGXS_e5g2jtwHH77AYWj-si3aUuVH60rG18mtwMQiLWIerzz4XUnc)

Brussels Becomes First Major City to Halt 5G Due to Health Effects

Next The Problems of 5G, A.I. and the Meta-Solution of Consciousness

5G

Watch free: Take Back Your Power, the award-winning ‘smart’ meter documentary

General Liability Letter South Africa

COPY AND PASTE THE LETTER BELOW THIS LINE INTO YOUR OWN EMAIL AND SEND IT TO THE PERSON ADDRESSED TO.

————————————

To:
Attention:
Email:

Dear
re:

I hereby strongly object to the above 5g roll-out in South Africa due to the following:

  1. It has never been tested and proven safe to people and the environment.
  2. This concern is further heightened by the literally thousands of scientific studies done on lower generations that show a sufficient harm to warrant the precautionary principle being applied with regard to 5G. (See here for scientific reports) which include the following:2017 Scientific Appeal on 5G To the European Commission: Scientific Appeal on 5G of more than 250 doctors from 35 countries to the European Commission who say: “We recommend a moratorium on the roll-out of the fifth generation, 5G, for telecommunication until potential hazards for human health and the environment have been fully investigated by scientists independent from industry…RF-EMF has been proven to be harmful for humans and the environment.”5G Appeal to Stop Deployment on Earth and Space by more than 201,383 signatories from 202 nations and territories as of February 14th, 2020 all calling for a moratorium on 5G until it has been tested due to the high potential of risks;
  3. You are also hereby put on notice that your 5g actions have put you in violation of at least nine international agreements/ codes as well as being in violation of our South African Constitutional right (Clause 24) to a safe environment. (See Annexure 1 for full details). These include:a)The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: States shall “undertake to ensure the child such protection and care as is necessary for his or her well-being” (art. 3), “ensure… the survival and development of the child” (art. 6) and “take appropriate measures to combat disease… taking into consideration the dangers and risks of environmental pollution” (art. 24(c)).b) The Nuremberg Code (1947)applies to all experiments on humans, thus including the deployment of 5G with new, higher RF radiation exposure that has not been pre-market tested for safety. “The voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential” (art. 1). Exposure to 5G will be involuntary. “No experiment should be conducted, where there is an a priori reason to believe that death or disabling injury will occur” (art. 5). The findings of over 10,000 scientific studies and the voices of hundreds of international organizations representing hundreds of thousands of members who have suffered disabling injury and been displaced from their homes by already-existing wireless telecommunications facilities, are “a priori reasons to believe that death or disabling injury will occur”.c) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948): “Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person” (art. 3).
  4. 5G does not make good Business sense. From a business stand-point your actions around 5G should be a cause of concern because else were in the world, the Cell phone companies are themselves warning their own investors (not the public) of the risks associated with radiation and secondly INSURANCE COMPANIES are refusing to underwrite them again due to the potential risks.- Corporate Company Warnings to Investors contained in Annual Reports filed on Form 10-K (or Form 20-F or 40-F for foreign companies) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Cell phone manufacturers and providers of their infrastructure are aware that the radiation from their products could be risky and warn their shareholders. Excerpts from statements in their annual reports that indicate these companies are informing their shareholders that they may incur significant financial losses related to electromagnetic fields include: “We may incur significant expenses defending such suits or government charges and may be required to pay amounts or otherwise change our operations in ways that could materially adversely affect our operations or financial results.” The companies include: AT&T, Verizon, Crown Castle, VODAFONE, Blackberry, China Mobile, American Tower Corp, AMÉRICA MÓVIL, S.A.B. DE C.V., T-Mobile US Inc., GCI Inc, TELEFÓNICA, S.A, Soft Bank Crown Corp, Nokia, Microsoft, Telstra. You can read these warnings here.Vodafone 2017 Report This 2017 Report ranks the EMF health risk issue as having a “high” impact. Please see page 29 of the report for a graphic on “Our Principal Risks” that features the EMF risk as “High.” The graphic states, “EMF health related risks EMF found to pose health risks causing reduction in mobile usage or litigation.” See the Vodaphone 2017 graphic hereVodafone 2018 Report (EMF is a “Key Principal Risk”rated as high in the graphic on page 38)  In addition this Report states that:  “What is the risk? Electro-magnetic signals emitted by mobile devices and base stations may be found to pose health risks, with potential impacts including: changes to national legislation, a reduction in mobile phone usage or litigation.”  Read the Vodafone 2017 Report
  5. Insurance companies will not insure these companies for harm from the radiation from their products and networks.  Lloyd’s underwriters refuse to insure mobile phone manufacturers against the risk of damage to users’ health.” That article was unequivocally clear. The insurers had: “fears mobile phones will be linked to illnesses such as cancer and Alzheimer’s disease.” Twenty years ago, the industry already knew their business models were a risk to the general public, especially because insurers were already refusing to cover their biggest liabilities. And as TruePublica reported yesterday in Dieselgate to Phonegate — the news was very much kept under wraps by the industry.

In light of all of the above above and more, we feel that it is negligent and downright reckless to continue with the roll-out of 5G until it has been tested by independent, non-industry-funded scientists and found to be safe. We therefore call on you to:

  1. To take immediate measures to halt the deployment of 5G because we do NOT consent to being guinea-pigs (test subjects) for your untested 5G equipment and
  2. Apply the Precautionary Principle
  3. You could, if you so chose, also be the first company in Africa to adopt this approach .

Yours sincerely,

A Concerned Citizen


Annexure 1

International Agreements/Codes/Practices you are Violating:

Your roll-out of 5G technology is in violation of the following nine codes /International agreements as well as our Constitutional Right to a Save Environment (Section 24).

Children and duty of care

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: States shall “undertake to ensure the child such protection and care as is necessary for his or her well-being” (art. 3), “ensure… the survival and development of the child” (art. 6) and “take appropriate measures to combat disease… taking into consideration the dangers and risks of environmental pollution” (art. 24(c)).

The Nuremberg Code (1947)applies to all experiments on humans, thus including the deployment of 5G with new, higher RF radiation exposure that has not been pre-market tested for safety. “The voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential” (art. 1). Exposure to 5G will be involuntary. “No experiment should be conducted, where there is an a priori reason to believe that death or disabling injury will occur” (art. 5). The findings of over 10,000 scientific studies and the voices of hundreds of international organizations representing hundreds of thousands of members who have suffered disabling injury and been displaced from their homes by already-existing wireless telecommunications facilities, are “a priori reasons to believe that death or disabling injury will occur”.

Environment

The Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (1972): “The discharge of toxic substances… in such quantities or concentrations as to exceed the capacity of the environment to render them harmless, must be halted in order to ensure that serious or irreversible damage is not inflicted upon ecosystems” (principle 6).

The World Charter for Nature (1982): “Activities which are likely to cause irreversible damage to nature shall be avoided… [W]here potential adverse effects are not fully understood, the activities should not proceed” (art. 11).

The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (1992): “States have… the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction” (principle 2).

The United Nations World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002): “There is an urgent need to… create more effective national and regional policy responses to environmental threats to human health” (para. 54(k)).

The African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (2017): “The Parties shall… take all appropriate measures to prevent, mitigate and eliminate to the maximum extent possible, detrimental effects on the environment, in particular from radioactive, toxic, and other hazardous substances and wastes” (art. 13).

Health and human rights

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948): “Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person” (art. 3).

The United Nations Global Strategy for Women’s, Children’s and Adolescents’ Health (2016-2030)has as objectives and targets to “transform”, by expanding enabling environments; to “survive”, by reducing maternal and newborn mortality; and to “thrive” by ensuring health and well-being and reducing pollution-related deaths and illnesses.

The Precautionary Principle and Cost-Benefit analysis - ppt video ...

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Vergesig Cape Town: Cell Tower at AGS Church, Number 5 Breda Street, Vergesig, Durbanville:

Vergesig Cape Town: Cell Tower at AGS Church, Number 5 Breda Street, Vergesig, Durbanville:

ITe Vergesig case is only one of many examples illustrating the “Illusion of Inclusion” farce. This is in regards to public participation, communities and cell tower placements. Communities are simply ignored and/or overruled.

Backgound:

The council received a substantial amount of objections to this mast. In addition a petition was circulated in the immediate area against this mast and base station leading up to the Municipal Planning Tribunal hearing. In less than six days, 202 residents signed this petition. The application for the free standing base tower was rejected by the Municipal Planning Tribunal on Tuesday April 11, 2017.

Highwave Consultants then appealed the decision of the Municipal Planning Tribunal.

MAYCO disregarded all the objections and approved the cell-tower, with the (then) Mayor de Lille personally signing approval for the tower.

Vergesig-Aurora Residents’ Association chairwoman Verne Jankielsohn said they had written to various members of the DA and the City to help with their fight, but to no avail. They had approached the Cape Party, which agreed to take on the case pro-bono.

The Cape Party (on behalf of the Vergesig-Aurora Residents’ Association) filed court papers in the Western Cape High Court late last year. The City filed opposing papers in January.

Advocate Carlo Viljoen said the Cape Party promoted the principle of direct democracy, endorsing the idea that the people of an area should make decisions regarding their lives and not a politician, and therefore decided to take on this case.

It’s clear in this instance that the will of the people was not to have a mast erected. In addition, it’s clear that there is no need for the mast, and that the erection of the mast is an illogical step by the DA, based on considerations outside the will of the people, legal considerations or need,” he said.

The case is to be heard in the Cape Town High Court in February.

First respondent: Patricia de Lille (she was the executive mayor when the tower was approved)

Second respondent: Highway Consultants (PTY) LTD

Objections included:

  • Property values decreasing
  • Ruining of the area’s rural image
  • Health concerns
  • A crèche is being operated from the church – in close proximity to the mast.
  • Alternative proposed sites were ignored
  • Residents also complained that they had not been properly consulted.
  • No need for added telecommunication services

EMFSA is very concerned that a cell tower was placed in an area where the most vulnerable in our society might be at risk. The Precautionary Principle was clearly ignored by the then Mayor Patricia de Lille and MAYCO. We note that some residents in close proximity to the tower are complaining of disrupted sleep since the tower became active.

Images  credit: D.Rowland, EMFSA

References:

  1. Verne Jankielsohn
  2. Denise Rowland
  3. EMFSA  notes on Cell Towers and the Precautionary Principle. http://www.emfsa.co.za
  4. Panel approves Vergesig tower https://www.northernnews.co.za/news/panel-approves-vergesig-tower11379050?fbclid=IwAR1taivoemTwFbZmMleBiuN4JHjJfw4XMu6_kwFFVKv7rjoSL4PEpNsDRa4
  5. Church cellphone mast soars towards heaven after planning rumpus https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2017-09-03-church-cellphone-mast-soars-towards-heaven-after-planning-rumpus/

From: https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/illusion-of-inclusion-the-farce-of-public-participation/

————————-

Apr 11, 2017 ·  · …good news – this morning, Ian Jankielsohn (local resident) and I addressed the Durbanville Tribunal, and together with the hard work done by locals Verne, Adrian, etc the application for a mast in church grounds was REFUSED! Yay!
—————————–

Panel approves Vergesig tower

An artist’s impression of the proposed cell mast.

The mayor’s advisory panel has given the go-ahead to erect a cell tower at a Durbanville church – despite objections from residents.

This comes after a consulting company appealed a decision by the Municipal Planning Tribunal, which rejected its application to erect a cell tower at AGS Church, in St John’s Road, Vergesig.

The original application by the church to let Highwave Consultants build the 25m-high tower, was supported by the City’s town planner but then rejected by the tribunal on Tuesday April 11 (“Tribunal rejects cell mast application,” Northern News, May 4) because it would have been on the crest of a rise and posed too much of a negative visual impact.

Brett Herron, mayoral committee member for transport and urban development, said at the time that the applicant had also not motivated its choice of site, offered alternatives or adequately shown how the proposed mast would be blended into the landscape, all of which was required in terms of the City’s policy on telecommunications mast infrastructure.

In its appeal, Highwave Consultants said an August 2016 memorandum had made a compelling argument for the mast and suggested alternatives.

Highwave said there was a growing need for denser cell-tower distribution to meet the demand of more smart devices and it was prepared to put up a 20m mast disguised as a tree instead of the standard 25m monopole design.

The advisory panel recommended that the appeal be upheld and the decision of the tribunal be set aside and replaced.

The panel said the potential visual impact would be mitigated by the updated proposal and the objections relating to the impact on resident’s view, health risks, property values and other impacts had been addressed. It noted that the proposal for the mast was informed by careful network planning to address the needs of the area.

Verne Jankielsohn, from the Vergesig-Aurora Residents’ Association, said they were disappointed by the decision and had not been given an opportunity to appear before the panel before it made its decision and recommendation to the mayor in favour of the mast and base station.

In its report, the panel said the appeal could be adequately determined by the documentation submitted and said the parties were given an opportunity to make written submissions for the original application and the appeal.

The City received 98 objection letters before the period for public input closed on Wednesday November 16, and 49 comments on the appeal.

“The council received a substantial amount of objection letters last year. A petition was done in the immediate area against this mast and base station leading up to the Municipal Planning Tribunal hearing. In less than six days, 202 residents signed this petition,” said Ms Jankielson.

Ms Jankielsohn said they were still trying to stop the mast and base station. They plan to take the case to the public protector and will be asking the City to answer questions in line with the Promotion of Access to Information Act.

“It is our constitutional right to protect our families, our homes and our environment,” she said.

Engineer and Vergesig resident Anton Esterhuizen previously told Northern News that he did not see the “need” for the tower, as there were already two within a 2.3km radius of the proposed site; fibre-optic cables would be installed in the area soon; and the neighbourhood had reached capacity and was also serviced by the commercial tower at the Ipic Centre.

However the advisory panel said there was a need for telecommunication support structures to be situated closer to one another due to the increased need for more efficient data connectivity in the Durbanville area.

In November last year, residents claimed the mast would hurt property values, make it harder to sell their homes, ruin the area’s rural feel and possibly even harm their health (“Residents say no to tower,” Northern News, November 10 2016). Residents also complained that they had not been properly consulted.

But church spokesman Cyril Rosalt had argued that there was no conclusive evidence that cell tower radiation harmed humans.

Northern News sent the City questions on last Thursday, but they did not respond by deadline; and Highwave did not respond to questions sent on Friday.


Durbanville mast row headed for the courts

Wednesday Dec 20, 2017

A row over the installation of a cellphone mast tower between fed-up Durbanville residents and the City is headed for the courts.

The City of Cape Town has approved a cellphone base station on a church property next to a crèche in Vergesig near Durbanville‚ despite residents’ claims of a fraudulent planning application.

High Wave Consultants’ first application for a base station at the AGS church in St John Road was refused in April because it did not comply with the council’s telecommunication mast infrastructure policy.

But the application was approved on appeal by mayor Patricia de Lille.

Objectors claim High Wave Consultants made a fraudulent representation to the council by pretending to investigate alternative sites but not doing so.

Verne Jankielsohn from the Vergesig-Aurora Residents Association said they understand the need for cellphone towers, but said the applicants were offered other sites.

“We gave them a different site and asked them not to install this cellphone mast on the church’s property. It is simply not viable to do that especially it being on a church ground,” she said.

Jankielsohn said the Durbanville area is well-covered with 4G/LTE cellphone coverage.

“No one helped us. We went to the DA’s provincial and national leadership. All they told us, that they were looking into the matter. They have not told us anything further as yet. We feel very dis-empowered because every door we knock on, gets closed in our faces,” she said.

She said court papers had been filed in the Western Cape High Court to overturn De Lille’s decision.

“A cellphone tower will decrease our property values and poses great health risks,” she said.

Zara Nicholson, De Lille’s spokesperson, said the City of Cape Town confirms that it had received the court papers. “The City will peruse the documentation and decide on a course of action,” she said.

Meanwhile residents of Heathfield have also been fighting developers from erecting a cellphone tower next to a community church.

Local resident Helen Hoekstra said: “Surely there is a point when a victory is a victory, and not open for appeal any longer? We have also heard of other sites where this has happened. How can this be democratic, when a single individual can override multiple processes.

“The community has had three victories so far, once at a sub-council meeting, once by error on the applicant side and the third time at a municipal planning tribunal hearing. Each time, the developer appealed the outcome and so it keeps returning. This is reminiscent of how large corporations with lots of resources are able to eventually exhaust a community’s capacity and resources,” she said.

“At the last appeal, community members again submitted complaints but without any further engagement we are suddenly told the erection will go ahead. How did the company do this? They went to the mayor.”

Cape Argus


Telkom loses court appeal over location of cellphone masts in Western Cape

Telkom loses court appeal over location of cellphone masts in Western Cape

By Lisa Isaacs Time of article published Sep 27, 2019

Cape Town – The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) has dismissed communications service provider Telkom’s appeal against a Western Cape High Court judgment that it is obliged when erecting a cellphone mast – whether free-standing or rooftop-based – to do so in accordance with the City’s Municipal Planning by-law.In order to extend its mobile electronic communication network coverage in and around Cape Town, in 2017 Telkom planned to develop 135 sites for the erection of free-standing base telecommunication stations, commonly referred to as cellphone masts, and rooftop base telecommunication stations.

One of the sites was on a property owned by the estate of Birch Kalu in Heathfield.

The property was situated in a zone where the erection of such a mast was prohibited under the relevant planning by-law.

After initially applying for a rezoning of the portion of the property, Telkom erected it without obtaining a change in zoning.

Telkom contended that a section of the Electronic Communications Act 36 of 2005 and in particular 22(1)(a) thereof, entitled it to enter a property and erect a mast without having to seek the permission of either the property owner or the local authority.

The high court rejected this contention and the SCA upheld its decision and dismissed Telkom’s appeal with costs.

“Telkom’s argument is that it should be unfettered in determining where it should be able to erect its telecommunications infrastructure…

“This would lead to the curious result that the construction of major infrastructure that can be seen across our country and in many places in our cities, having a potentially major impact on the environment, would fall outside any regulatory control insofar as its location was concerned,” the SCA found.

Mayco member for spatial planning and environment Marian Nieuwoudt said the City welcomed the judgment.

“With this judgment, the SCA has once again affirmed the constitutional validity of the City of Cape Town’s Municipal Planning by-law, and our telecommunications mast infrastructure policy.

“The SCA dismissed Telkom’s argument that it was free to select where to situate base stations without prior approval from the city.

“Also, the SCA judgment concurs with the order from the Western Cape High Court that the telecommunications infrastructure had been erected without obtaining the city’s approval as stipulated by the Municipal Planning by-law,” Nieuwoudt said.

Telkom said in a statement it was reviewing the judgment to consider its options.

“We are not yet in a position to comment in any greater detail at this stage until management has had an opportunity to obtain advice on the judgment and to consider the advice provided.”

Cape Times

Letter of Liability to Vodacom May 2020

PLEASE COPY AND PASTE THE LETTER BELOW THE LINE INTO YOUR OWN EMAIL AND SEND IT. PLEASE DO NOT POST COMMENTS HERE IT IS TOO TIME-CONSUMING FOR ME TO READ.

_____________________________________________

To: Vodacom

Attention Shameel Joosub
Shameel.joosub@vodacom.co.za
Tel: 011-535000
Ceo@vodacom.co.za

Dear Vodacom

WE DO NOT CONSENT

We write in response to your recent press release Vodacom launches Africa’s first live 5G network which supports both mobile and fixed wireless services on Monday, 4 May 2020.

Due to the fact that 5G has never been tested together with the evidence that lower generation EMFs do have significant health problems, it is both reckless and negligent of your organisation to be rolling it out in our country.

In addition to the nine international agreements/codes you are in violation of, you are also in violation of our South African Constitutional right to a safe environment.

You should also be aware that if the Cell phone companies are themselves warning their investors of the risks associated with radiation, and that Insurance companies refuse to underwrite them due to the risks, that should be enough warning, let alone the hundreds of scientific studies proving considerable harm to people and the environment.

Your roll-out of 5G technology is in violation of the following nine codes /International agreements as well as our Constitutional Right to a Save Environment (Section 24).

Children and duty of care

  1. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: States shall “undertake to ensure the child such protection and care as is necessary for his or her well-being” (art. 3), “ensure… the survival and development of the child” (art. 6) and “take appropriate measures to combat disease… taking into consideration the dangers and risks of environmental pollution” (art. 24(c)).
  2. The Nuremberg Code (1947)applies to all experiments on humans, thus including the deployment of 5G with new, higher RF radiation exposure that has not been pre-market tested for safety. “The voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential” (art. 1). Exposure to 5G will be involuntary. “No experiment should be conducted, where there is an a priori reason to believe that death or disabling injury will occur” (art. 5). The findings of over 10,000 scientific studies and the voices of hundreds of international organizations representing hundreds of thousands of members who have suffered disabling injury and been displaced from their homes by already-existing wireless telecommunications facilities, are “a priori reasons to believe that death or disabling injury will occur”.

Environment

  1. The Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (1972): “The discharge of toxic substances… in such quantities or concentrations as to exceed the capacity of the environment to render them harmless, must be halted in order to ensure that serious or irreversible damage is not inflicted upon ecosystems” (principle 6).
  2. The World Charter for Nature (1982): “Activities which are likely to cause irreversible damage to nature shall be avoided… [W]here potential adverse effects are not fully understood, the activities should not proceed” (art. 11).
  3. The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (1992): “States have… the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction” (principle 2).
  4. The United Nations World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002): “There is an urgent need to… create more effective national and regional policy responses to environmental threats to human health” (para. 54(k)).
  5. The African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (2017): “The Parties shall… take all appropriate measures to prevent, mitigate and eliminate to the maximum extent possible, detrimental effects on the environment, in particular from radioactive, toxic, and other hazardous substances and wastes” (art. 13).

Health and human rights

  1. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948): “Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person” (art. 3).
  2. The United Nations Global Strategy for Women’s, Children’s and Adolescents’ Health (2016-2030)has as objectives and targets to “transform”, by expanding enabling environments; to “survive”, by reducing maternal and newborn mortality; and to “thrive” by ensuring health and well-being and reducing pollution-related deaths and illnesses.

In terms of the following International policies and practices you have a duty to inform and EMFs

  1. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (2012) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) stated that “[t]here is a need to inform the public of the potential effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs)” and invited Member States “to adopt suitable measures in order to ensure compliance with relevant international recommendations to protect health against the adverse effect of EMF”.
  2. The Mid-term review of the European Environment and Health Action Plan 2004-2010 (2008): “The European Parliament… [n]otes that the limits on exposure to electromagnetic fields which have been set for the general public are obsolete, … obviously take no account of developments in information and communication technologies, of the recommendations issued by the European Environment Agency or of the stricter emission standards adopted, for example, by Belgium, Italy and Austria, and do not address the issue of vulnerable groups, such as pregnant women, newborn babies and children..”
  3. Resolution 1815 (Council of Europe, 2011): “Take all reasonable measures to reduce exposure to electromagnetic fields, especially to radio frequencies from mobile phones, and particularly the exposure to children and young people.”

Lastly, we draw your attention to the fact that tech companies themselves are warning their investors of the potential harm of Radiation risks and Insurance companies are unwilling to insure equipment.

THIS INCLUDES YOUR OWN PARENT COMPANY VODAFONE:

Vodafone 2017 Report This 2017 Report ranks the EMF health risk issue as having a “high” impact. Please see page 29 of the report for a graphic on “Our Principal Risks” that features the EMF risk as “High.” The graphic states, “EMF health related risks EMF found to pose health risks causing reduction in mobile usage or litigation.” See the Vodaphone 2017 graphic hereVodafone 2018 Report (EMF is a “Key Principal Risk”rated as high in the graphic on page 38)  In addition this Report states that:  “What is the risk? Electro-magnetic signals emitted by mobile devices and base stations may be found to pose health risks, with potential impacts including: changes to national legislation, a reduction in mobile phone usage or litigation.”  Read the Vodafone 2017 Report

Corporate Company Investor Warnings contained in Annual Reports filed on Form 10-K (or Form 20-F or 40-F for foreign companies) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Tech Companies warn their shareholders (not the public) about that the products could be risky. See below excerpts from statements in their annual reports that indicate these companies are informing their shareholders that they may incur significant financial losses related to electromagnetic fields.

Insurance companies will not insure these companies for harm from the radiation from their products and networks.  Lloyd’s underwriters refuse to insure mobile phone manufacturers against the risk of damage to users’ health.That article was unequivocally clear. The insurers had: “fears mobile phones will be linked to illnesses such as cancer and Alzheimer’s disease.” Twenty years ago, the industry already knew their business models were a risk to the general public, especially because insurers were already refusing to cover their biggest liabilities. And as TruePublica reported yesterday in Dieselgate to Phonegatethe news was very much kept under wraps by the industry.

The following companies are warning Investors: “We may incur significant expenses defending such suits or government charges and may be required to pay amounts or otherwise change our operations in ways that could materially adversely affect our operations or financial results.”

The companies include: AT&T, Verizon, Crown Castle, VODAFONE, Blackberry, China Mobile, American Tower Corp, AMÉRICA MÓVIL, S.A.B. DE C.V., T-Mobile US Inc., GCI Inc, TELEFÓNICA, S.A, Soft Bank Crown Corp, Nokia, Microsoft, Telstra. You can read these warnings here.

 We therefore call on you to:

To take immediate measures to halt the deployment of 5G because we do NOT consent to being guinea-pigs (test subjects) for your untested 5G equipment.

Apply the Precautionary Principle

 

Concerned Citizen

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